Minerals

 Mineral :

1. A mineral is a substance that occurs naturally and has a definite chemical composition.
2. They are distributed unevenly and are concentrated in an area.
3. They can be classified on the basis of physical properties like color, density, hardness, etc.

 Rocks: A rock an aggregate of one or more minerals, without definite composition of constituents                 of minerals.

 Ores:  Rocks from which minerals are mined are known as ores.

 Types of  Minerals    There are more than three thousand minerals. On the basis of composition, they are classified broadly as Metallic and Non-Metallic minerals.

Metallic Minerals:

1. They contain metals in raw form.
2. They are substances that conduct heat and electricity and have shine.  Examples include Iron ore, Bauxite, Manganese ore.
3. They are classified furtherer as Ferrous and Non-Ferrous.

Ferrous Minerals (Contains Iron)

1. Iron ore            b.  Manganese

Non-Ferrous Minerals  (Do not contain Iron)

            a) Gold b) Silver           c) Copper        d) Lead.

 Non-Metallic Minerals :

Non-Metallic minerals have no Metals. Ex: Limestone, Mica, Gypsum, Coal and Petroleum.